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roughness average...it's a machinist's thing. you want the surface as close to mirror polish as possible. supposedly copper helps to seal minor imprefections and doesn't require a tight RA like stainless steel, but i'm not so sure i wouldn't use a tight RA regardless due to the idea that any metallic headgasket needs a good set of mating surfaces to seal well. though, one doesn't shave one's block, one gets one's block decked.